Categories
Geometry

Proof: Diameter is the Shortest Curve that bisects circular area

As shown in the figure below: (please scroll down a bit to see the figure) AB’ is one diameter of the circle, and a blue curve from A to B is supposed to bisect the area of the circle. We see from the figure below:

Length of the blue curve AB is greater than: AE + EB = AE + EB’

which is certainly longer than AB’; AB’ is the diameter.

The blue curve is obvious the focus. (Note when blue curve AB is mentioned, we mean the “curved one”: it curves around, not going straight from A to B.) Besides, point E is where the blue curve intersects with CD; and CD is one diameter.

So we have proved the claim that any curve bisecting the circular area got to be longer than the diameter.

Stay with us for one more minute. Let the construction-proof process be revealed to you, as follows.

Referring back to the figure. Let us start from the circle and the blue curve only (imagine all other lines and points disappear; now we draw them step by step). Connect the two endpoints A, B of the blue curve by a line segment AB. Then draw the diameter CD // AB (i.e. line CD is parallel to line AB).

Take point O (the midpoint of CD), and then passing A and O, let another diameter AB’ be drawn.

For completing the proof , two arguments are required:

(1) The blue curve has at least one intersection point with  diameter CD (thinking it: if the blue curve resides at only one side of CD, then that curve cannot divide the circular area evenly into two parts with equal area; therefore, any curves that bisects the circular area must intersects diameter CD). Now suppose the intersection point is E.

(2) B and B’ are symmetric to the diameter CD therefore EB = EB’ (trying justifying it using the property of circles and parallel lines).

The rest of the proof is straightforward (and intuitive).

Categories
Geometry Math BASICS Numbers

Protected: The (3-4-5) Pattern for Pythagorean Triplet [Thinking-of sides of a right triangle]

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Categories
Numbers Uncategorized

Complete Numbers in Fraction Equations

The formula on our face page of “amazing numbers” is rather interesting:
1 – (1 ⁄ 28) = (1 ⁄ 2) + (1 ⁄ 4) + (1 ⁄ 7) + (1 ⁄ 14)

The point of interest is that: if you look at all divisors of 28: they are 1,2,4,7,14,28; with the exception of 28 which is itself, all divisors have appeared in this formula, and they appear in the form of so-called “unit fraction”, where numerator is 1. So (1 ⁄ 2), (1 ⁄ 4), etc. are all unit fractions.

Indeed, we present a fraction equation to make it a bit unusual, but there is a low-pitch but straightforward ways to present number 28. We have that:
28 = 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14
To get to the earlier fraction form, just divide every term by the number 28.

The smallest complete number is 6 (=1+2+3), 28 is the 2nd complete number, and after that, you will not see a complete number until 496. So complete numbers are rare among all positive whole numbers.

Complete numbers 6 also has a nice fraction form, as:
1 – (1⁄6) = (1⁄2) + (1⁄3)

Categories
Geometry

3D objects with 3 views from top, front and side

For a 3D objects, given three views to you: one from top, one from front, and one from side, can you imagine what the original 3D objects looks like?

The question is not posed to a mechanic engineer, it would be trivial in that case. The question is raised to get a junior middle student to think a bit.

For a cylinder one of the three views is a circle, and the other two views are rectangles. For a cone one of the views is a circle, and the other two views are triangles. What if the three views given are a circle, a rectangle and a triangle? Can you figure out the original shape?

Categories
Discrete Math Models

cut a pizza into 11 equal slices, exactly evenly

What is the easiest way to cut a pizza into 11 equal slices?

Answer by steps:

  • Take a wrist watch.
  • Position the watch hands to noon and put in the center of pizza.
  • Cut in the direction of watch hands.
  • Advance the watch until next overlapping of its hands…
Categories
Algebra

Power Mad